Lung Cancer is a type of cancer which begins in the lungs. The lungs are two spongy organs in the chest that take in oxygen and release carbon dioxide. People who smoke have the greatest risk of lung cancer. The risk of lung cancer usually increases with the length of time and number of cigarettes smoked.
Lung cancer doesn't cause signs and symptoms in its early stages. Signs and symptoms of lung cancer usually occur only when the disease is advanced.
Signs and symptoms of lung cancer includes:
- Severe cough that doesn't go away.
- Spots of blood in the cough.
- Shortness of breath.
- Chest pain.
- Wheezing.
- Hoarseness.
- Loss of weight.
- Congestion in the chest.
- Headache.
Nearly 80 % of lung cancer deaths are caused by smoking. Lung cancer also occurs in people who never smoked and in those who never had prolonged exposure to second-hand smoke. In these cases, there may be no clear cause of lung cancer. other risk factors of the lung cancer are exposure to asbestos and other carcinogens and one with the family history of lung cancer.
Lung Cancers are divided into two types based on the way the cells look under a microscope. they are:
- Small cell lung cancer
- Non-small cell lung cancer
Stage I : Cancer is limited to the lungs and hasn't spread to the lymph nodes.
Stage II : The tumour at this stage may have grown larger than 2 inches, or it may involve nearby structures such as the chest wall, the diaphragm or the lining around the lungs. Cancer may also have spread to the nearby lymph nodes.
Stage III : The tumour at this stage may have grown very large and hampered other organs near the lungs.
Stage IV : Cancer has spread beyond the affected lung to the other lung or to distant areas of the body.
Cancer treatment plan is based on a number of factors, such as the patient's overall health, the type and stage of cancer and preferences. Options typically include one or more treatments like surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy or targeted drug therapy.
Guru Multispecialty Hospital, Madurai is a comprehensive cancer centre with state-of-the-art technologies. It is one of the largest cancer centres in Tamil Nadu with a unique commitment to provide world-class cancer care to everyone in need.
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